Comparison of business ethics in different countries.

Contents Business Ethics compared in three countries: U.S.A., Hong Kong, and Russia. 1.Introduction 2.Issues 3.Importance of issues 4.Advantages/disadvantages of the presence or lack of business ethics 5.Safety, ethics, welfare 6.Comparison of ethical business in several countries 7.Conclusion--Which country is the leader of business ethics Three Main Issues: 1.What is the current knowledge and participation of each country of business ethics? 2.How do the countries use business ethics to their advantage? 3.What is the International Code of Ethics? A Code of Ethics is a business or an organizations policy applicable to all its activities and relationships. It should identify principal responsibilities its stockholders,†¦show more content†¦Corporate misconduct raises the cost and reduces the amount of social capital. The more businesspeople try to avoid the terms of their agreement, the greater the number of disputes that end up in court. Increased government activity adds to the cost of government. A market system needs moral capital as well. If capitalism is to be successful, there must be a widespread acceptance of certain moral norms, such as truth telling, and fair play. As more and more people abandon these moral forms, the social capital that makes market activity possible, is depleted, as stated by Norman Bowie. Bowie also states, America is obsessed with quarterly reports -one that forces managers to focus on the short run, rather than the long run. If corporations took the moral point of view, they would focus on meeting the needs of their stakeholders and focus on providing secure work for their employees and quality products for customers. If this were done, profits would follow. American capital differs from the capitalism in other countries. Ethical behavior can lower costs, increase productivity, and preserve the social capital that makes capitalism possible. It is in the nations interest to ensure that American capitalism is a leader in ethics as well as in product development. To help promote mutual understanding between the people of Hong Kong and foreign countries, as well as the development of business relationship, several major foreignShow MoreRelatedDoes Liberalism Really Offer the Most Freedom?726 Words   |  3 PagesDoes libertarianism really offer the greatest amount of i ndividual freedom? Why or why not? Libertarianism offers great amounts of individual freedom to the people governed under it. Whether it truly offers the greatest amount of freedom in comparison to other forms of political theory is highly debatable and very subjective in nature. We as Americans live in a liberal society and our government is appropriately structured as one. 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The Influence Of Nuclear Weapons During The Cuban Missile...

In his article, â€Å"The Influence of Nuclear Weapons in the Cuban Missile Crisis,† Marc Trachtenberg considers three historical approaches to the role that nuclear arms played during the 1962 conflict: first, the view that nuclear arms played no role at all, with U.S. and Soviet weapons cancelling each other out, second, the interpretation that the risk involved with nuclear warfare heavily influenced policy making, and finally the view that the strategic imbalance of nuclear force, characterized by a substantial American advantage, significantly impacted the outcome of the crisis. In weighing the three interpretations, Trachtenberg dismisses the first in supporting the existence of the second, using a variety of primary sources to identify instances when decision-makers were influenced by the risk of nuclear warfare. The focus of the article, however, is on advancing and complicating the third approach, which Trachtenberg claims is congruous with the second. In this third s ection, Trachtenberg advances the approach that the imbalance of nuclear capabilities impacted Soviet strategy but not American decision making. Accordingly, Trachtenberg’s article is characterized by two central claims: that risk of nuclear war influenced policy during the Cuban Missile Crisis and that American nuclear superiority disproportionately affected Soviet decision-making. The majority of Trachtenberg’s article focuses on the disproportionate effect of the nuclear imbalance, but he firstShow MoreRelatedThe Significance of the Cuban Missile Crisis Essay1686 Words   |  7 Pagesspeaking about the Cuban Missile Crisis, President Kennedy said, It is insane that two men, sitting on opposite sides of the world, should be able to decide to bring an end to civilization† (â€Å"Nuclear Test Ban Treaty† 1). the Cuban Missile Crisis was a time where these two men, Kennedy and Khrushchev, had the power in their hands to end civilization. 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Social Evils Poverty and Health Free Essays

Poverty is one of the most important social evils and a major determinant of ill health (1). From time it is known that poor social status is a major determinant of disease and reduces longevity in a big way. The Charaka Samhita recognized that community structure and functioning was an important cause of disease in individuals. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Evils Poverty and Health or any similar topic only for you Order Now The association of individual illness causing community disturbances and poverty and vice versa was noted (2). Health status is strongly determined by socio-economic positions and a large body of literature from developed ountries demonstrates that most causes of deaths occur at a greater rate in groups with lower socio-economic status (3). Pathways from adverse social circumstances to ill health are then discussed and some suggestions are made for eliminating these social evils. The Global Burden of Diseases Study reported major causes of mortality, disease burden and risk factors in various parts of the world (4). In developing countries, infections of respiratory tract, HIV/AIDS, diarreah, tuberculosis, and malaria have emerged as important causes. The reliability of mortality ata has been questioned in terms of medical classification of deaths as a large number of deaths are recorded as proof and old age. Globally, the important causes were lower respiratory infections, AIDS, heart disease, and malaria. Indian National Commission on Macroeconomics and Health (9) has reported that communicable diseases, maternal conditions as well as non- communicable diseases which are major causes of disease burden. The Second Global Burden of Diseases Study (4) quantified more than twenty health risk factors that influence health of populations. Major risk factors identified were childhood and maternal undernutrition leading to childhood and maternal underweight. , iron deficiency, anaemia, vitamin A deficiency and zinc deficiency. There was a difference in risk factors causing disease burden or mortality. Social circumstances and poverty are the major determinants of all these factors. A social problem is defined as a situation confronting a group or a section of society which inflicts injurious consequences that can be handled only properly (11). There are a number of social problems in India (11). These have been identified as poverty, illiteracy, unemployment, population explosion, communalism, youth unrest, violence against women, crime and criminals, alcoholism, terrorism, corruption, and more recently, overweight/obesity in the urban subjects coupled with changing lifestyles. Multiple efforts to accurately identify social determinants of health have been performed and some efforts have evolved recently. Social determinants of health were enumerated by Marmot and others at the Solid Facts Program of the World Health Organization (12). The factors identified were social rganization, early life events, life-course social gradient, high unemployment rates, psychological work envoronment, transport, social support, cohesion, food, poverty, and social exclusion. All of these factors are classified as social evils that directly influence health. Because non-communicable diseases are major health issues in Europe and other developed countries, these factors reveal only half the story. For example, illiteracy and low educational status is a major disease risk factor but not part of the WHO agenda as this is not as serious f a problem as it is in Europe (3). A major development to address various social issues and poverty was the landmark United Nations Millennium Declaration in the year 2000 by various Heads of States and governments. The declaration articulated Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) which include specific targets for social engineering to bring about equitable prosperity and health (13). These specific targets include poverty reduction, increasing primary education, promoting gender equality, and development of a global partnership for an even bigger development. How to cite Social Evils Poverty and Health, Essay examples

Literature Values Essay Example For Students

Literature Values Essay Literature can have many and different values on a person. It is all dependingon the story and the value or moral issue the author wants, you, the reader toget out of it. The value literature had on me was actually hard to put intowords. But to understand the value of literature you must know the definition ofvalue and literature. Value has many meanings but there is two that relate. Worth in usefulness or importance to the possessor and a principle, standard, orquality considered worthwhile or desirable. Literature is a body of writings inprose or verse. Literature produces value because it is basically an analysis ofan experience or situation. I got a different value out of each story. With MarkTwains The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn it showed me that one does not have tobe civilized or conform to the ideas of society to become cultured or mature. With Huck Finn he ran away from everything that was considered civilized. He hadnothing and really did not want anything. But at the same time he experiencedand matured living dangerously. This made me value Hucks adventure and take itas my own. Huck proves his maturity when he comments on how the king and dukedupe the villagers into believing that they are the dead mans brothers, andHuck says, I never see anything so disgusting.(Twain 163) Eventhough the king and duke commit an awful act on the villagers he still feelssorry for them when they get tarred. Huck comments, Human beings can beawful cruel to one another.(Twain 225) In William Faulkners Barn Burningit told of a man named Abner Snopes who burned barns when upset or mad. This washis way of getting back at them. Barn Burning has two very evidentstruggles. Abner oppresses his family just as the upper class has oppressed him. Barn Burning to me is based on misdirected anger. Which is basicallyhappening in these days. For example, a teenager and his parents have it out, heleaves, and now his anger is directed toward anything in his pathway. BarnBurning has a value in that it shows in life that people actuallymisdirect their anger. Such as in the school shootings and bomb threats thathave occurred in the past couple of years. Just like Abner Snopes felt like anoutsider to the upper class, so did the students who committed these violentacts. In The Swimmer, it made me value life and what it brings. Because if your not careful or you do not watch out it will past you up withoutnotice. As with Everyday Use, one of the daughters did not value whoshe was or whom she was because she was going out looking for her history. Whichshe already had at her fingertips. Reading all of the literature this semesterhas broadened my outlook on life. It has made me realize that there are a lot ofthings that we as people in this society take for granted. Literature has mademe value a lot of experiences and situations; I did not know about until I readall of the short stories by various authors with different styles and views ofthings. It is weird how the literature that has been written in the past stillhas an influence on what happenings in todays society. We can reiterate thesame ideas, values, and morals into what is going on today. English Essays